The following study was conducted by Scientists from Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA. Study is published in Molecular Cell Journal as detailed below.
Molecular Cell; 77(4): 810-824.e818; (2020)
Lipid Droplet-Derived Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Traffic via PLIN5 to Allosterically Activate SIRT1
Highlights
- MUFAs allosterically activate SIRT1 toward select substrates such as PGC-1α
- MUFAs enhance PGC-1α signaling in vivo in a SIRT1-dependent manner
- PLIN5 is a fatty acid binding protein that preferentially binds LD-derived MUFAs
- PLIN5 mediates MUFA signaling to control SIRT1/PGC-1α
Summary
Lipid droplets (LDs) provide a reservoir for triacylglycerol storage and are a central hub for fatty acid trafficking and signaling in cells. Lipolysis promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism via a SIRT1/PGC-1α/PPARα-dependent pathway through an unknown mechanism. Herein, we identify that monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) allosterically activate SIRT1 toward select peptide-substrates such as PGC-1α. MUFAs enhance PGC-1α/PPARα signaling and promote oxidative metabolism in cells and animal models in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Moreover, we characterize the LD protein perilipin 5 (PLIN5), which is known to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and function, to be a fatty-acid-binding protein that preferentially binds LD-derived monounsaturated fatty acids and traffics them to the nucleus following cAMP/PKA-mediated lipolytic stimulation. Thus, these studies identify the first-known endogenous allosteric modulators of SIRT1 and characterize a LD-nuclear signaling axis that underlies the known metabolic benefits of MUFAs and PLIN5.
Source:
Molecular Cell
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1097276519308949
Citation:
Najt, C. P., S. A. Khan, et al. (2020). “Lipid Droplet-Derived Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Traffic via PLIN5 to Allosterically Activate SIRT1.” Molecular Cell 77(4): 810-824.e818.
